[[Imported from SVN: r9281]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9202]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9201]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9200]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9199]]

And use it in the test.

This patch uses the new 'constexpr' macro.  Hence it is C++11 only.

[[Imported from SVN: r9195]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9194]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9193]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9192]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9191]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9190]]

This is a new required method for the interface of implementations of
the TargetSpace model.  We haven't needed it previously because all
spaces considered until today were embedded isometrically in a
Euclidean space.

[[Imported from SVN: r9189]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9187]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9096]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9095]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9094]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9093]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9092]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9091]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9090]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9089]]

Not tested yet.

[[Imported from SVN: r9088]]

Not tested yet.

[[Imported from SVN: r9087]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9085]]

Not tested yet.

[[Imported from SVN: r9084]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9083]]

Not tested yet.

[[Imported from SVN: r9082]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9081]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9080]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9079]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9078]]

This is just an initial commit.  It is a copy of the corresponding code for
unit vectors, with just a few names exchanged.  The actual functionality
will come in subsequent commits.

[[Imported from SVN: r9076]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8369]]

It makes it difficult to be sure that an explicitly
requested type is really handed over to every place.

While we are at it: reverse the order of the template
parameters.  Now first comes the type, then the dimension.
This is more like FieldVector and friends, and hence
should be less confusing.

[[Imported from SVN: r8148]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8145]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8034]]

[[Imported from SVN: r7374]]

[[Imported from SVN: r7313]]

[[Imported from SVN: r7225]]

[[Imported from SVN: r7205]]