[[Imported from SVN: r9191]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9190]]

This is a new required method for the interface of implementations of
the TargetSpace model.  We haven't needed it previously because all
spaces considered until today were embedded isometrically in a
Euclidean space.

[[Imported from SVN: r9189]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9187]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9163]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9096]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9095]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9094]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9093]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9092]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9091]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9090]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9089]]

Not tested yet.

[[Imported from SVN: r9088]]

Not tested yet.

[[Imported from SVN: r9087]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9085]]

Not tested yet.

[[Imported from SVN: r9084]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9083]]

Not tested yet.

[[Imported from SVN: r9082]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9081]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9080]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9079]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9078]]

This is just an initial commit.  It is a copy of the corresponding code for
unit vectors, with just a few names exchanged.  The actual functionality
will come in subsequent commits.

[[Imported from SVN: r9076]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9023]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8983]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8982]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8981]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8974]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8972]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8862]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8861]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8687]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8630]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8629]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8627]]

There were two issues fixed by this patch:

a) The bending energy only involves the third director.
   One must look at it as a function in S^2, not as
   a subset of coefficients of a function to SO(3).
   This means that we have to use a different projection
   in one place.
b) A certain subset of the coefficients (see the code)
   must always be zero, because they are parts of
   3-vectors which are known to be perpendicular to (0,0,1).
   For some strange reason they aren't.  I now hardwire
   them to be 0 anyway.  This makes my test pass.
   Maybe one day I'll find the true reason :-)

[[Imported from SVN: r8626]]

of Neumann boundary forces.  But I am not sure and I want to
postpone the issue.  Therefore this patch adds a cpp warning.

[[Imported from SVN: r8625]]

Don't use a loop with 4 iteration to clear an array,
if the array has only length 3.

Boy, this did take a while to find...

[[Imported from SVN: r8593]]

Another easy patch which makes the code a lot faster.

Also, this patch removes the quasi-Newton code.  So far that code
hasn't helped at all.  Quasi-Newton methods will need more work
in the future.

[[Imported from SVN: r8588]]