This is much more flexible and *much* easier to use.

Along the way, this patch scraps several old hard-coded Dirichlet boundary
values.  I don't even remember what they were good for.  If they are needed
again they should also be reimplemented in Python.

[[Imported from SVN: r10007]]

[[Imported from SVN: r10004]]

[[Imported from SVN: r10003]]

[[Imported from SVN: r10002]]

[[Imported from SVN: r10001]]

[[Imported from SVN: r10000]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9998]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9997]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9751]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9616]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9614]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9539]]

Code doesn't compile due to some VirtualRefinement weirdness, though.

[[Imported from SVN: r9267]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9266]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8217]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8213]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8212]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8211]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8210]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8209]]

[[Imported from SVN: r8208]]

[[Imported from SVN: r7497]]

[[Imported from SVN: r7395]]

[[Imported from SVN: r7394]]

[[Imported from SVN: r7023]]

[[Imported from SVN: r6500]]

[[Imported from SVN: r6231]]

[[Imported from SVN: r6226]]

Compute the local corrections in local coordinates on the tangent bundle now, instead of using the embedding in the surrounding space

[[Imported from SVN: r5985]]

For this now the TangentVector class of S^n has only n components,
while the EmbeddedTangentVector class still has n+1.
The code around it needs to be fixed accordingly.

[[Imported from SVN: r5963]]

out-comment the use of method computeGeodesicDifference.  It currently doesn't work for all target spaces

[[Imported from SVN: r5959]]

[[Imported from SVN: r5938]]

[[Imported from SVN: r5916]]

[[Imported from SVN: r5347]]

[[Imported from SVN: r4078]]

- fix a bug when setting up the Dirichlet nodes

[[Imported from SVN: r4073]]

[[Imported from SVN: r4061]]

[[Imported from SVN: r4031]]

[[Imported from SVN: r4025]]

now works on a per-element basis and has been moved to the local rod assembler.
That way, it has lost most of its 1d-ness.  In the future, it will be usable
for other problems as well.

[[Imported from SVN: r4019]]