[[Imported from SVN: r9915]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9882]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9844]]

GlobalP2Mapper is intended to be for P2 finite element spaces, what
GlobalIndex is for P1 spaces: a numbering for all degrees of freedom
that is globally unique across all processors.

[[Imported from SVN: r9761]]

Iterators over entities are only mandatory for vertices and elements.
But here the user may also request indices for other entities.
Hence one cannot use a straight iterator.

[[Imported from SVN: r9759]]

And use it in one place in VectorCommunicator

[[Imported from SVN: r9748]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9747]]

[[Imported from SVN: r9746]]

The globalindex.hh and uniqueentitypartition.hh is from Benedikt Oswald.
The rest is from Benjamin Bykowski, with a few fixes from me.

The globalindex stuff should go into dune-grid eventually, but it needs
some polishing first.

[[Imported from SVN: r9718]]